The Geographic Diversity Of California - 1403 Words

Diversity has been at the heart of from the beginning. Not only is it diverse among its people but also its geography. California has the greatest variety of regional landscapes, climate zones, flora, and fauna in all of North America. The geographical diversity of California is deeply tied the geological theories of it scientific origins especially its sculpting through the movement of plate tectonics. California consists of 11 diverse regions with diverse landscapes. Regional diversity was greatly contributed by Europe. This was because European settlement in California began pretty late. California’s climate emerged about a few thousand years ago. It rose from the interaction of the ocean currents and temperatures, air pressures, wind and storms patterns, and the location of mountains and valleys. The climate differs from its geographical landscapes and locations of neighboring states. This is largely because of its dominant maritime influence. Further climate diversity is found in the semiarid climates in much of the San Joaquin valley. California has four of the five major types of climate found around the world. California’s geographic diversity would begin to be matched by its human diversity. Earthquakes are another factor to why California is so diverse. People are always migrating into California from all over the world. Diversity effects many things in different kind of ways. Census Bureaus are always a good reference to see how much California’sShow MoreRelatedThe Diversity Of City : A News Media Company1233 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to assess the diversity of city where a news media company recently hired me: Irvine, California. The city of Irvine has recently grown rapidly with people of diverse backgrounds. According to the U.S. Census Bureau (CHECK APA CITATION STYLE), census data from American FactFinder display exact statistics about Irvine’s population diversity. Currently, though the cityà ¢â‚¬â„¢s White population totals 107,215 and thus dominates in terms of race, the Asian population comes in secondRead MoreAffirmative Action1559 Words   |  7 PagesAFFIRMATIVE ACTION INTRODUCTION Affirmative Action is an employment legislation protection system that is intended to address the systemized discrimination faced by women and minorities. It achieves this by enforcing diversity through operational intrusions into recruitment, selection, and other personnel functions and practices in America. Originally, Affirmative Action arose because of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s desire to integrate society on educational, employmentRead MoreThinking About Diversity and Inclusion808 Words   |  4 PagesThinking about diversity and inclusion 1. What are the dimensions of cultural diversity? Identify and briefly explain the dimensions by referencing both textbooks. The dimensions of cultural diversity consist of in the diverse cultures in the world. The diversity is the different race, gender, age, ethical, language, religion, education, and more. The geographic region and the social roll are the result of the cultural diversity in the world. The diversity is variable and depends of the human’sRead MoreManging Diversity Within The Workforce1198 Words   |  5 Pages MANGING DIVERSITY IN THE WORKFORCE Management 5000 LaTonya S. Warren Webster University Diversity encompasses acceptance and respect.  This means understanding that every individual is unique,  and noticing their individual uniqueness.   This can be different race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs,  political beliefs, or other ideologies and exploring these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environmentRead MoreAffirmative Action And Its Effects On College Demographics Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Johnson amended Executive order 11246 to include sex on the list of affirmative action attributes. Decades passed without any further amendments to Executive order 11246, until July 20, 1995. The Board of Regents at the University of California adopted Regents Resolutions SP-1 and SP-2. Under the Regent Resolution SP-1, race, religion, sex, color, ethnicity, and national origin could not be considered in the admission decision process and would not influence the individua l’s academic capabilitiesRead MoreThe Equal Protection Clause From The Fourteenth Amendment1137 Words   |  5 Pagesconstitutional rights have been infringed or a government action applies to a suspect classification (i.e. race, religion, national background). Specifically, in regards to Bakke v. Regents of University of California, the Supreme Court (â€Å"the Court†) concluded that, considering that the University of California, Davis received several Caucasian applicants for its special admission program in 1973 and 1974 and that none of the applicants received the admission to the program since the start, the program unfairlyRead MoreWhat I Learned From My Life869 Words   |  4 Pagesaccomplishments. I now use what I learned to apply to what I do in life and how I influence people around me wherever I go. I believe that my background and experiences will add a stupendous impact to the diversity of St. George’s University. As a child of Korean immigrant parents who moved to California from South Korea with nothing but the clothes on their backs, life was challenging. Struggling to make the big â€Å"American Dream†, my parents sacrificed their lives to provide food and shelter for my brotherRead MoreThe Future of California1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe future of California is pretty good, for the state is projected to see growth in almost every sector of the economy as well as the population, but there are many concerns that must be addressed first in order to see California’s growth come to fruition. International trade and business is one of California’s largest industries and it’s expected to continue increasing, for many emerging economies are also located off of the Pacific Ocean. Growth in the economy is good, but requires resources thatRead MoreThe Components Of Wine Prices1655 Words   |  7 Pageswriters’ opinion can influence consumer perceptions. Therefor e, analysis the internal and external impact on wine prices helps consumer make a wise decision. According to a wine marketing research in Australian Marketing Journal, wine’s brand name, geographic region, grape types, fermentation method and vintage date are the main components that affect wine prices (Ling and Lockshin 19). Knowing where a bottle of wine comes from, what types of grape used and the reputation of its winery can help consumerRead MoreDiversity And Its Effect On Society942 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity in society helps us to grow as individuals and open our minds to different ways of life. When you are exposed to different ways of life and see how other cultures carry on then you are no longer closed to the idea that we are all different. Diversity also promotes tolerance. In terms of being tolerant that means diversity can help us accept other cultures, it can even adapt some cultural ways and values into our society. The point is, we are all different. Ye t the differences that we have

Bad Blood the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment Essays

ANALYSIS OF THE BOOK BAD BLOOD: THE TUSKEGEE SYPHILIS EXPERIMENT Dr. Bradley Moody PUAD 6010 By 22 November 2004 Introduction The book BAD BLOOD: THE TUSKEGEE SYPHILIS EXPERIMENT by James H. Jones was a very powerful compilation of years of astounding research, numerous interviews, and some very interesting positions on the ethical and moral issues associated with the study of human beings under the Public Health Service (PHS). The Tuskegee study had nothing to do with treatment Â… it was a nontherapeutic experiment, aimed at compiling data on the effects of the spontaneous evolution of syphilis in black males (Jones pg. 2). Jones is very opinionated throughout the book; however, he carefully documents the foundation of†¦show more content†¦77). Dr. Clark was also careful in discussing the study to Dr. J. N. Baker, the Alabama state health officer, in order to gain approval for the study (Jones pg. 98). Dr. Clark had planned to complete the study within six to eight months, which basically made treatment a pointless effort when the current treatment duration was over one year long (Jones pg. 99). The lesson public administrators should gain from reading this book is the deceitfulness that exist today. Much like Dr. Clark, many individuals who are so aggressive at achieving their goals, will stop at nothing to be successful in achieving those goals. Public Administrators should pay close attention to the tasks they are involved in, and always remember to step back and look at the big picture. These lessons learned are very important, especially in todays societal values of the fair and equal treatment of mankind. With the rise of the human rights activist, and even the animal rights activist, society is now closely looking at the moral and ethical ways we treat each other. Strengths and Weaknesses Jones ability to move the reader from one viewpoint to another was simply amazing. When the reader first begins to read the book, anger, confusion, hurt, and disbelief, are all synonymous of the feelings brought on through the words of the book. But as the reader continues, they are drawn to the many reasons illustrated so well throughout the bookShow MoreRelatedBad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment Essay2436 Words   |  10 Pagessurrounding Tuskegee, Macon County, Alabama, the United States Public Health Service (PHS) and the Rosenwald Foundation began a survey and small treatment program for African-Americans with syphilis. Within a few months, the deepening depression, the lack of funds from the foundation, and the large number of untreated cases provided the government’s researchers with what seemed to be an unprecedented opportunity to study a seemingly almost â€Å"natural† experimentation of latent syphilis in African-AmericanR ead MoreBad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment by James H. Jones1734 Words   |  7 PagesBad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment by James H. Jones Introduction The book BAD BLOOD: THE TUSKEGEE SYPHILIS EXPERIMENT by James H. Jones was a very powerful compilation of years of astounding research, numerous interviews, and some very interesting positions on the ethical and moral issues associated with the study of human beings under the Public Health Service (PHS). The Tuskegee study had nothing to do with treatment Â… it was a nontherapeutic experiment, aimed at compiling dataRead MoreBad Blood : The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment By James H. Jones2323 Words   |  10 PagesThe book, Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment, by James H. Jones, was one of the most influential books in today’s society. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment study began in 1932 and was terminated in 1972. This book reflects the history of African Americans in the mistrust of the health care system. According to Colin A. Palmer, â€Å"James H. Jones disturbing, but enlightening Bad Blood details an appalling instance of scientific deception. This dispassi onate book discusses the Tuskegee experimentRead MoreEssay on tuskegee syphilis study1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tuskegee Syphilis Study was an unethical prospective study based on the differences between white and black males that began in the 1930’s. This study involved the mistreatment of black males and their families in an experimental study of the effects of untreated syphilis. With very little knowledge of the study or the disease by participants, the Tuskegee Syphilis Study can be seen as one of the worst forms of injustices in the United States history. Even though one could argue that the studyRead MoreThe Tuskegee s Tuskegee Experiment986 Words   |  4 Pages The Tuskegee Experiment, is one of the most well known blunders of United States medical research in the 20th century. Not only was it entirely unethical and inhumane, but it also highlighted the problems of racism and inequality in the medical world and the entire country at that time. By examining and reviewing the history, consequences, racism, results, and conclusion of the Tuskegee Experiment, it can perhaps shed some light on the barbaric events that transpired throughout the research. AsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tuskegee Experiment898 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment was conducted in 1932 by the Public Health, which included 600 black men as their test subjects. Of the 600 men, 399 had syphilis and 201 didn’t (CDC). The men were told that they were being treated for â€Å"Bad Blood† and didn’t have any knowledge of being included in a study (CDC). In exchange for their services, researchers offered the men free medical exams, burial insurance, and free meals (CDC). The study was called â€Å" The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in theRead MoreWhat are Morals and Ethics?963 Words   |  4 PagesTuskegee Experiment What does morals and ethics mean? Morals are basically a persons standards of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do. And ethics are a persons standards of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do. A person is always trying to have good morals and to always be ethical. One of the most controversial ethical and moral dilemmas is the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. This is said to be one of the most morallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tuskegee Experiment1713 Words   |  7 PagesMedical experiments on human subjects carry a great deal of ethical dilemma. In the United States, there have been various experiments made on human subjects that raised the ire of many people in the society. Many of the subjects were subject to drug experimentation, risky operations and being infected with diseases just to know how the disease affects the body. One of these experiments is the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment conducted to unknowin g subjects for 40 years. The Deadly Deception: Tuskegee SyphilisRead MoreThe Tuskegee Study Of Untreated Syphilis1579 Words   |  7 Pages The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male: Research Ethics Tenzin Choeying Lehman College NUR 302 Ways of Knowing Nursing Research Faculty: Dr. Linda Scheetz 10/12/2016 In 1932, US public health service launched most shameful and hideous non-therapeutic experiment on human being in the medical history of the US. The practitioner on the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment promised free medical care to over hundreds of African American desperately poorRead MoreBreach Of Ethics And The Tuskegee Study1455 Words   |  6 PagesBreach of Ethics Provisions in the Tuskegee study shown in the movie, Miss Evers’ Boys] The nursing code of Ethics was developed to improve the quality of nursing care and ethical responsibilities of the Registered Nurse. The first formal Nursing Code of Ethics was established in 1950 (American Nurses Association, 2015). In 1926, the American Nurses Association adopted a â€Å"suggested† code that gave an outline of ethical behavior for nurses (American Nurses Association, 2015). By following the Nursing

Personal Narrative The Plane Flies Over The Yukon...

Everyone has their place some may be secret some may not be so secret. They might be more obvious than others, they can be close or far. It can be a getaway from the daily stress of day to day life but everyone has at least one. I consider it my home it’s where my heart is it is where I can fully relax and become the true Melissa. It brings me peace and tranquility like nothing else in my life can. My secret place and home is Palmer, Alaska. Nothing brings me more joy in my life when I look out the airplane window as the plane flies over the Yukon Mountain ranges. At this part knowing that I am getting closer by the second. When I finally look out the window, and see Anchorage, Alaska as we descend I see the surroundings of all the mountains and all the greenery and I start to feel alive again. I feel myself shedding all my issues of my life like a snake shedding its skin and leaving it all behind. I get off the airplane and sense of relaxation and comfort comes over me, a fee ling of home. I have a seven-minute walk to the stairs to get to the baggage claim and then finally see my best friend that I have not seen in 115 days. As I am walking it feels like a dream; it does not feel like I am in Alaska and I have to keep pinching myself to make sure I am awake. I arrive at the stairs and start the walk down the granite looking stairs and head to the baggage claim. I look for my best friend Steve we finally find each other and reunite. Another wave of comfort and happiness

Project Communication Management - 1001 Words

Project Communication Management A failure to communicate is often the greatest threat to the success of any project, especially information technology projects. Communications is the lubricant that keeps a project running smoothly. Project communications management involves communication planning, information distribution, performance reporting, and stakeholder management. Communications planning involves determining the information and communication needs of the stakeholders. For example, who needs what information, when will they need the information, and how will the information be communicated to them. The output of the communications planning process is a communications management plan Information distribution involves†¦show more content†¦The answers to these and other questions will help project managers determine the best way to disseminate information. Important considerations include the use of technology, such as E-mail, formal and informal communications, and the complexity of the communic ations. Effective distribution of information depends on the skill of project managers and project team members in regards to their ability to communicate. Communicating includes many different dimensions, such as writing, speaking, and listening. Project personnel need to use all three skills in their daily work routines. In addition to this, one must remember that different people respond differently to different types of communication. Some people might prefer to stay informed through an informal discussion held over coffee once a week, while others may need more. Regardless, the project manager needs to be aware of and take advantage of this special communication need. The project sponsors will give better feedback about the project during these informal talks then they will through some other form of communication. Informal conversations allow the project sponsor to exercise their role of leadership and provide insights and information that are critical to the success of the proj ect and the organization as a whole. A short face to face meeting can be more effective than electronic communications, especially when the information beingShow MoreRelatedProject Management, Project Communication, And Project Stakeholder Management797 Words   |  4 Pagesareas of project management that stood out while taking this program. Project integrated management, project communication, and project stakeholder management. A discussion on how they are executed will be presented. As more courses were taken during this project management graduate program, many of the project management concepts became clear and revealed more of the interdependencies and intricate dynamics that are required for successful project management. Stakeholder Management Project StakeholderRead MoreProject Communication Management Plan1419 Words   |  6 PagesProject Communication Management Plan US SAP project-Phase 1 Infinity Oil Gas 5440 n Homewood Blvd Baton Rouge, LA 70821 03/25/2012 Table of Contents Introduction 2 Communications Management Approach 2 Roles 2 Project Team Directory 4 Communications Matrix 5 Guidelines for Meetings 6 Glossary of Communication Terminology 6 Introduction The purpose of the Communications Management Plan is to define the communication requirements for the projectRead MoreEffective Communications in Project Management2206 Words   |  9 PagesCommunications provides the wings for you to fly to success. -Anonymous Effective Communications in Project Management: What do I know? Who needs to know it? And Have I told them. Prepared For: Research Paper: Communications Skills Statement of the problem: How do we insure effective communications in the project management environment? Background: The purpose of this paper is to recommend that Project Management is a concept that focuses on the dynamic characteristics of a multi-facettedRead MoreCommunication Project Management Plan And Communication Plan1454 Words   |  6 Pages Communication is one of the most complicated aspects of project management. There are an infinite number of projects that has failed due to communication within the project team and the project stakeholders. Communication plan, and stakeholder management plan are one of the most important parts of project management. These two plans are the key for the project to complete successfully. There have been many organizations that do not implement or the stakeholder management plan and communication planRead MoreA Brief Note On The Project Communication Management2161 Words   |  9 Pages2.7 PROJECT COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT Effective communication of messages to students and parents was the basis of making any communications decisions. A key limiting factor was that students are not always reliable at reading and passing messages on. This was based on knowledge gained from organisational process assets. Consequently, it was necessary to communicate messages to both parents and students to increase the chances of the message being received. Where possible technology was used to provideRead MoreProject Management Class, Effective Communication1280 Words   |  6 Pagesinternship as mentioned in the past slides. Per my Project Management class, effective communication was taught. Since I am bilingual, I am able to communicate in English and Spanish. There was no excuse of a language barrier that should hinder the understanding of tasks. I had an advantage being able to communicate in their native language. While working with the non-profit organization, we were required to submit bids in a timely manner. My Project Planning class taught me how to create schedulesRead MoreCommunication Plan For The Performance Management System Project1327 Words   |  6 PagesIn a project, it is very important to make sure you’re planning stages are complete and concise. Planning the project and all the steps involved can be cumbersome and seem tedious, however, when it comes to making sure the project is seen through to completion, the Project Manager has to make sure there are steps followed in order to make it to that point. One of the steps involved in making it to the end is to create the Communication plan and the Risk Analysis. The communication plan will outlineRead MoreCommunication Management Challenges in Construction Project Execution63139 Words   |  253 PagesGo Up to Table of Contents |    | Go To Chapter 2 (Organizing for Project Management) | The Owners Perspective   Ã‚  Ã‚   Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Project Life Cycle   Ã‚  Ã‚   Major Types of Construction   Ã‚  Ã‚   Selection of Professional Services   Ã‚  Ã‚   Construction Contractors   Ã‚  Ã‚   Financing of Constructed Facilities   Ã‚  Ã‚   Legal and Regulatory Requirements   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Changing Environment of the Construction Industry   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Role of Project Managers   Ã‚  Ã‚   References   Ã‚  Ã‚   Footnotes | | | 1. The Owners Perspective Read MoreAtT Project Management Center of Excellence Communications Leader Promotes Project Management Leadership3459 Words   |  14 PagesANTIPOLO CAMPUS A BUSINESS CASE STUDY ATT PROJECT MANAGEMENT CENTER OF EXCELLENCE Communications Leader Promotes Project Management Leadership Submitted to: Dr, Marmelo V. Abante - CCS Dept. Head / Project Management Professor - Submitted by: Brioso, John Oliver P. - Student - ATT PROJECT MANAGEMENT CENTER OF EXCELLENCE Communications Leader Promotes Project Management Leadership INTRODUCTION As a world leader in communication technology, ATT connects people from all aroundRead MoreA Short Note On Internal Communication Process Project Management1047 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Internal Communication Process in Project Management,† the author’s advocate the use of good, effective communication within a project to increase the project’s chances of success. Communication is embedded within human nature, and so internal communication within a project’s members, management, and stakeholders is among one of the most important factors for success in project management (Alexandra-Mihaela Danut, 2013). In the book, The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management, author Eric

Yves Rocher Mkt Mix free essay sample

Rocher has adopted an alignment strategy offering the same cheap prices as its competitors. The only difference is the image of the brand: the botanical beauty care. Sales through mail orders are the principal source of revenue of the company; it is why we have chosen to compare the prices between Y. R and its closest competitor in that sector: Le Club des Createurs de Beaute (they have higher quality products). An example for the makeup products: †¢An eye-liner : Yves Rocher 5,90 euros Le Club des Createurs de Beaute – 6,90 euros An example for the bath shower products: A shampoo: Yves Rocher – 8 euros Le Club des Createurs de Beaute – 10 euros An example for the skin care products: †¢A face mask: Yves Rocher – 7 euros Le Club des Createurs de Beaute – 14 euros 2)Products a)Product line The Yves Rocher brand produces and commercializes its own products satisfying every desire with the right positioning and product lines adapted to every one. We will write a custom essay sample on Yves Rocher Mkt Mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page WidthLengthDepth Skin CareAnti-Aging Cleansers Toners Moisturizers Masks Exfoliators Eye Treatments Skin Care Collections Mens Skin CareDay creams, night creams Perfumed FragrancePerfumed Body Lotions Womens Fragrance Perfumed Shower Gels Mens Fragrances Potpourri Incense Candle Shop MakeupEyes (mascara†¦) Lips (gloss†¦) Face (blush†¦. ) Nails (polish†¦) Bags and brushes Trendy Glam MakeupBlack, blue, green, beige Red, pink, transparent White, red†¦ Bath and ShowerBath and Shower Gels Bath Soaps Bath Oils Soaks Liquid Hand Soaps Body Scrubs Bath Accessories Anti-perspirantsRelaxing oil Body HairBody Lotions Hand Creams Foot Creams and Pedicure Hair Removal Aromatherapy Spa and Slimming Summer Holiday Season Sun Protection and Suntan Lotion Shampoos Conditioners Treatments3 for 1, smooth, radiance extending†¦ Shimmering Lights Wax strips Replenishing Moisturizing Sunscreen b)Brand All of Yves Rocher’s products are commercialized under one and only brand name: Yves Rocher. Yves Rocher is an umbrella brand just like its direct competitor, Nivea. 3)Communication Media advertising: Yves Rochers uses the mass media to advertise to potencial customers by using TV commercials and ads in women’s magazines. Y. R sets up scenes where women respond to the brand’s principal catch phrase : â€Å"Se reinventer chaque jour† or â€Å"The future lies in nature†. Sales promotion: Few techniques are used – price reduction, free samples scratching games (which enables you to win gifts). Direct advertising: This vector of communication is frequently used because it is essential for a company relying on mail orders. Yves Rocher uses direct mailing to customers (sending personalized mails with promotions) and to individuals (sending of leaflets, free samples, price discounts etc†¦) Sponsoring and patronage: Yves Rocher uses sporting events to promote its brand, for example it was sponsoring a women’s marathon’s team in France. Y. R also uses the sponsorship of the planting of 900,000 saplings in India as a way to show how involved the company is in taking care for the planet’s future (the idea came from the United Nations Environmental Programme). Y. R also actively supports the actions that go towards the protection and the promotion of the nature, such as the â€Å"Terre de femmes† trophy which every year rewards a dozen projects led by women in favor of the sustainable development of nature. Public relation: At Yves Rocher’s headquarters in La Gacilly customers can come and visit the beautiful gardens of the company, its labyrinth, the vegetarium and get to know more on the process of product creation and development. 4)Distribution Yves Rocher has developed a unique strategy of distribution which enables it to bypass its competitors on its own retail outlets. Stores (also called Beauty Centers): There are 1600 of them and are mostly franchised. Store sales represent about 20% of the revenue. Sales through group meetings: kind of like the Tupperware group meetings, where a group of friends have a sales representative come over their house and presents them with a line of products beauty tricks; which enables Y. R to reach even closer to the customer. It represents about 15% of its revenue. Mail orders: The most profitable way of making money for Yves Rocher today, this way can be used by the phone, by mail or by internet 24 hours a day 7 days a week. It represents 48% of the revenue.

Project Management Implications for Knowledge Creation

Questions: Table 1 indicates the sequence and interdependence of the 10 activities (A K) which together are required in the launch of a new system. The durations (in weeks) of each of the activities are given in the table Table 1 Activity Duration (wks) Precedence A 27 - B 24 - C 21 - D 21 A E 22 B F 22 C G 22 F H 22 G,E J 23 H K 23 D, J Construct a network diagram identifying the following: Earliest Start Time(EST) Latest Finish Time (LFT) Total Float on each activities D F Critical Path for the project (b) Assume that there is a delay of 8 weeks in completing activity F. Analyse one action that the Operations Manager could take to avoid exceeding the current length of the critical path. 2. (a) Identify and explain the position of each of the process types used in operations within the volume-variety continuum (b) Explain the characteristics of each of the process types used in operations (c) Identify which process type would be the most likely to be used to produce the following:- Diesel Boeing Jet Engine Initial creation of the Gone with the wind movie Michael Jackson Thriller CDs Production Mercedes Benz E200 Answers: Network diagram of the project Earliest Start Time (EST) The Earliest Start Time of the activities associated with the project has been listed in the table below: Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Early Start Project starts 0 days Wed 2/17/16 Wed 2/17/16 Wed 2/17/16 A 27 wks Wed 2/17/16 Tue 8/23/16 1 Wed 2/17/16 B 24 wks Wed 2/17/16 Tue 8/2/16 1 Wed 2/17/16 C 21 wks Wed 2/17/16 Tue 7/12/16 1 Wed 2/17/16 D 21 wks Wed 8/24/16 Tue 1/17/17 2 Wed 8/24/16 E 22 wks Wed 8/3/16 Tue 1/3/17 3 Wed 8/3/16 F 22 wks Wed 7/13/16 Tue 12/13/16 4 Wed 7/13/16 G 22 wks Wed 12/14/16 Tue 5/16/17 7 Wed 12/14/16 H 22 wks Wed 5/17/17 Tue 10/17/17 8,6 Wed 5/17/17 J 23 wks Wed 10/18/17 Tue 3/27/18 9 Wed 10/18/17 K 23 wks Wed 3/28/18 Tue 9/4/18 10,5 Wed 3/28/18 Project ends 0 days Tue 9/4/18 Tue 9/4/18 11 Tue 9/4/18 Latest Finish Time (LFT) The Latest Finish Time of the activities associated with the project has been listed in the table below: Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Early Finish Project starts 0 days Wed 2/17/16 Wed 2/17/16 Wed 2/17/16 A 27 wks Wed 2/17/16 Tue 8/23/16 1 Tue 8/23/16 B 24 wks Wed 2/17/16 Tue 8/2/16 1 Tue 8/2/16 C 21 wks Wed 2/17/16 Tue 7/12/16 1 Tue 7/12/16 D 21 wks Wed 8/24/16 Tue 1/17/17 2 Tue 1/17/17 E 22 wks Wed 8/3/16 Tue 1/3/17 3 Tue 1/3/17 F 22 wks Wed 7/13/16 Tue 12/13/16 4 Tue 12/13/16 G 22 wks Wed 12/14/16 Tue 5/16/17 7 Tue 5/16/17 H 22 wks Wed 5/17/17 Tue 10/17/17 8,6 Tue 10/17/17 J 23 wks Wed 10/18/17 Tue 3/27/18 9 Tue 3/27/18 K 23 wks Wed 3/28/18 Tue 9/4/18 10,5 Tue 9/4/18 Project ends 0 days Tue 9/4/18 Tue 9/4/18 11 Tue 9/4/18 iii. Total Float of each of the activities D F time period for which the starting date of any activity can be postponed safely, without bringing about drastic changes in the predefined time schedule of the project is often referee to as the total float of the activity. While activity F has no float period, activity D has a float period of 62 weeks. Critical Path for the project The critical path of the project has been highlighted in the network diagram. Figure a: The network diagram (Source: As designed in MS Project) Increasing the time duration of activity The initial and final schedules of the project have been depicted in the following Gantt charts. Figure b: The Gantt chart (according to the primary schedule) (Source: As designed using MS Project) Figure c: The Gantt chart (according to the primary schedule) (Source: As designed using MS Project) As depicted in the Gantt chart, the duration of the entire project has increased by 50 working days due to the change in the duration of activity F. It is being assumed that the project needs to be completed within the time period mentioned in the primary schedule and that manager of the project has the authority of employing resources as and when required. This being the situation, the project manager would have no other way than recruiting more resources in the project, such that it could be completed within the finish date that was initially scheduled. The newly employed resources would be capable of sharing the working responsibility of the existing employees, which in turn would enable them to finish off the project in time. 2 A. Process types used in operations within the volume-variety continuum The following figure has been used to provide a clear description of the volume-variety continuum. Figure d: Operational process and the volume-variety continuum (Source: Galindo and Batta 2013) General purpose operational processes like that of Assembly Line, Repetitive, continuous flow system and Mass- Production systems are capable of generating low variety products in large volumes (Foropon and McLachlin 2013). On the other hand, specialized operational processes like that of project systems and Job-Shop Production Systems are used to generate specialized products in low volumes (Gunasekaran and Ngai 2012). B. Characteristics of process types used in operations The various process types that are utilized in operational activities have been described in the following section along with their characteristics. Job shops: The type of process that is used for the development of similar products in batches of small sizes, is known as job shop process (Peng and Lai 2012). As for example: The processes used for baking cookies at home. Projects: When an entire operational process is dedicated to the development of a single project, the process is termed as a project (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013). As for example: The processes used for developing software tools. Batch shops: The operational processes that are utilized for producing small batches of products, after certain specific interval of time, are considered as batch shop processes (Slack 2015). Assembly lines are used for producing small parts of a massive-sized product, which is then assembled together. As for example: The operational processes used for developing aircrafts (Subramanian and Ramanathan 2012). Continuous flow processes:Operational processes that are utilized in facilities, that generate electricity and purify water or at chemical labs, are known as continuous flow processes as they cannot be stopped at any point in time (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013). Identification of process types Diesel: Continuous flow processes . Boeing Jet Engine: Assembly lines (Foropon and McLachlin 2013). Initial creation of the "Gone with the Wind" movie: Projects (Slack, Brandon-Jones and Johnston 2013). Michael Jackson Thriller CDs Production: Batch shops (Chia 2013). Mercedes Benz E200: Assembly lines. References Chia, R., 2013. Paradigms and perspectives in organizational project management research: implications for knowledge creation.Novel Approaches to Organizational Project Management Research: Translational and Transformational. Copenhagen Business School Press, Copenhagen, pp.33-55. Foropon, C. and McLachlin, R., 2013. 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